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Geoffrey Hinton Discusses Intelligence’s Future

Geoffrey Hinton | Will digital intelligence replace biological intelligence?
Geoffrey Hinton will be presented at the University of Toronto on October 27, 2023 by the Schwartz Reisman Institute for Technology and Society and Department of Computer Science in collaboration with Vector Institute for Artificial intelligence and Cosmic Future at the Faculty of Arts & Science.

Opening remarks and introduction.
0:07:21 — 0:08:43 Overview.
0:08:44 — 0:20:08 Two different ways to do computation.
0:20.09 — 02:30.11 Can large language models understand what they say?
The first neural network language model.
Will we be in a position to control the super-intelligence when it surpasses human intelligence?
0:57:25 — 1:03:18 Does digital intelligence have subjective experience?
1:03:19 — 1:55:36 Q&A
1:55.37 — 1:58.37 Closing remarks

Talk title: \”Will digital intelligence replace biological intelligence?\”

Abstract: Digital computers are designed to let a person tell them what to do. The models can be used on different hardware pieces, even though they require high energy. We could use analog computations that are very low-power and take advantage of the unique properties of hardware to mimic biology in order to create computers that can learn. It is necessary to have a learning algorithm which can use analog properties even without a model. The computation becomes mortal when it uses the analog properties that are idiosynchratic to the hardware. The learned knowledge is lost when the hardware dies. It is possible to transfer the knowledge to a newer analog computer if the latter can mimic the older computer’s outputs. However, this process of education takes a long time. Digital computation allows for many copies of the exact same model to be run on different hardware. By averaging the weight changes of thousands of digital agents, they can share their learnings very efficiently. Chatbots such as GPT-4 or Gemini are able to learn thousands of time more than a single person. Digital computations can also use backpropagation, which is a much more scalable learning method than analog hardware. I believe this leads me to think that digital computation on a large scale is likely better at acquiring information than biological computation, and could soon be more intelligent than we are. Digital intelligences should be less vulnerable to war and religion because they are immortal and have not evolved. However, if one of these digital super-intelligences ever wants to take over, it’s unlikely we can stop them. Therefore, the most pressing question for AI research is to find a way to prevent this from happening.

Geoffrey Hinton

Geoffrey Hinton earned his PhD in artificial Intelligence from Edinburgh University in 1978. He moved from Carnegie Mellon to the Department of Computer Science of the University of Toronto where he now is an Emeritus Professor. Google acquired Hinton’s neural networks startup DNN research in 2013, which was developed from his research at U of T. Hinton then served as a Vice-President and Engineering Fellow for Google until 2023. He is the founder of Vector Institute for Artificial intelligence where he serves as Chief Scientific Advisor.

来源和详细信息：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iHCeAotHZa4&si=8yjSkHNwWEfsd57F

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The Impossible Earth Hypothesis: Examining Fermi Paradox and Search for Extraterrestrial Life.

Fermi Paradox – The Impossible Earth Hypothesis
They haven’t been able to contact us because they have either uploaded themselves in digital information, where they can live forever and create simulated worlds or they have uploaded themselves onto femto-tech level computational substrates.

Is Earth possible? The impossible earth hypothesis is explored and the implications for science and existence are discussed.

My Patreon page:

/ johnmichaelgodier.

My Event Horizon Channel

/ eventhorizonshow.

Music:

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Unlocking the Power of AI, Chronic Disease, Toxins, Diet & Lifestyle for Longevity: A Conversation with Dr. Eric Topol

Eric Topol
https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=n_LefGJgOJ8&si=UoInnL8Xy_wsXv_

Listening to this. He’s decent, right up there with Dr Daniel Amen when it comes to ideas and advancement. This episode was barely begun, but I’m learning that AI is a great tool for medicine. There are also more podcasts in this podcast about our own health. These are some of the key issues to longevity.

Get my FREE guide 3 Steps to Reverse Aging when you sign up for my weekly health picks https://bit.ly/IncreaseHealthspan.

View the Show Notes For This Episode: https://bit.ly/ep-855

Eric Topol, PhD, is Professor of Molecular Medicine and Executive Vice President of Scripps Research. He founded and directs the Scripps Research Translational Institute. He is a top-ten most-cited researcher in medicine, having published more than 1,200 peer reviewed articles, with over 330,000 citations. His main scientific focus is on individualized medicine, using genomic, digital and AI tools.

This episode was brought to you in partnership with Rupa Health. Pendulum, Thrive, Fatty15, and Thrive.

RupaHealth streamlines your lab order process. Access more than 3,000 specialty lab tests and register for a FREE live demo at https://RupaHealth.com.

Pendulum offers listeners 20% off the first month’s subscription to Akkermansia, a supplement for gut health. Visit https://PendulumLife.com and use code HYMAN.

Head over to https://thrivemarket.com/Hyman today to receive 30% off your first order and a free gift up to $60.

来源和详细信息：
https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=n_LefGJgOJ8&si=UoInnL8Xy_wsXv_-

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Epigenetic Reprogramming as an Effective Therapy Approach for Rejuvenation Therapy

Reprogramming Cells to Rejuvenate

A recent review in Ageing Research Reviews summarises the research on epigenetic programming and its potential for rejuvenation therapy.

The epigenome changes with age. These changes can affect gene regulation and cellular homeostasis. They can also play a part in age-associated phenotypes. The addition or removal chemical groups from DNA or DNA-associated protein has a profound effect on gene expression, tissues functions and identity.

The authors of this review believe that epigenetic reprogramming is one of the most promising interventions currently available to delay or stop aging. It could even reverse it at the cell level. The authors believe epigenetics is the foundation of aging. Therefore, being able impact the epigenome will allow them to address several Hallmarks of Ageing simultaneously.

来源和详细信息：

Rejuvenating Cells with Epigenetic Reprogramming

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Discovered RNA Communication Pathway Can Control Aging

Discovered a molecular pathway that controls aging

Researchers at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) in Brazil found that exchanging RNA molecules is one of the ways different types of cells communicate. Researchers at the State University of Campinas in Brazil have found that the lifespan of roundworms of Caenorhabditis species is reduced when the communication pathway is disrupted.

Gene published an article about the study. The study contributes to a better knowledge of the aging and diseases associated with it.

Previous research has shown that certain types of RNA are capable of being transferred from one cell into another. This allows for intertissue communication of the type that occurs when proteins and metabolites are present, for instance. This is a signaling mechanism between neighboring or adjacent cells. This is part of [the physiopathology] of many diseases, and of an organism’s normal function,\” said Marcelo Mori. He’s a professor and the article’s corresponding author at the Institute of Biology.

来源和详细信息：
https://phys.org/news/2024-02-important-molecular-pathway-aging.html

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ATR Kinase: Ensuring Telomerase Remains Stable

Cells keep telomerase under control: Study

It is hard to tell the difference between intact and broken spaghetti strands, but the natural ends of chromosomes look like DNA. Every cell in our body must be able to distinguish between the two, because the best method to repair damaged DNA is also the worst for protecting the healthy end.

Take the enzyme telomerase. It is responsible for maintaining protective end caps at the ends of chromosomes. If telomerase were to seal off a DNA strand with a telomere and prevent further repair, it would delete essential genes.

A new study published in Science explains how cells can avoid these mishaps. The findings indicate that telomerase could indeed be running amok and adding telomeres on damaged DNA. This would have happened if the ATR Kinase enzyme, which responds to DNA damages, was not present.

来源和详细信息：
https://phys.org/news/2024-02-reveals-cells-telomerase.html